Monday, January 14, 2013

Chemical Composition of Textile Fiber (Natural) | Chemical Composition of Cotton Fiber/Jute Fiber/Linen/Flax Fiber/Hemp Fiber/Sisal Fiber/Coir Fiber/Wool Fiber/Silk Fiber

Chemical Composition of Natural Fiber:
Every fiber consists of some chemical elements. Such as cotton contains cellulose, protein, pectin etc. Wool contains keratin, dirt, suint etc. Chemical composition of natural fibers are given below:

Chemical Composition of Cotton Fiber:
  • Cellulose                                            94%
  • Protein                                               1.3%
  • Ash                                                    1.2%
  • Pectin                                                 1.2%
  • Oil, Fat and Wax                                0.6%
  • Sugar                                                 0.3%
  • Pigment                                              trace
  • Others                                                1.4%



Chemical Composition of Jute Fiber:
  • Cellulose                                            65.2%
  • Hemicellulose                                     22.2%
  • Lignin                                                10.8%
  • Water soluble                                    1.5%
  • Fats and wax                                     0.3%

Chemical Composition of Linen/Flax Fiber:
  • Cellulose                                          92%
  • Hemicellulose                                   2%
  • Lignin                                               4%
  • Others                                             2%

Chemical Composition of Hemp Fiber:
  • Cellulose                                         77.77%
  • Hemicellulose                                  10%
  • Lignin                                              6.8%
  • Pectin                                             2.9%
  • Fat & wax                                      0.90%
  • Water soluble                                 1.73%

Chemical Composition of Sisal Fiber:
  • Cellulose                                                71.5%
  • Hemicellulose                                        18%
  • Lignin                                                    6%
  • Pectin                                                    2.3%
  • Fat & wax                                             0.5%
  • Water soluble                                        1.7%

Chemical Composition of Coir Fiber:
  • Husk                                                              14%
  • Fiber                                                              22%
  • Pith                                                                16%
  • Kernel                                                            30%
  • Water                                                             18%

Chemical Composition of Wool Fiber:
  • Keratin                                                           33%
  • Dirt                                                                 26%
  • Suint                                                               28%
  • Fat                                                                 12%
  • Mineral matter                                                1%

Chemical Composition of Keratin:
  • Carbon                                                          50%
  • Hydrogen                                                       12%
  • Oxygen                                                          10%
  • Nitrogen                                                         25%
  • Sulfher                                                            3%

Chemical Composition of Silk Fiber:
  • Fibroin                                                          76%
  • Sericin                                                           22%
  • Fat & wax                                                     1.5%
  • Mineral salt                                                     0.5

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